Variables
ID() function ==> return variable memory address
in Python we don't have block level scope !
#############################
s = "this is a string"
print( type(s) )
output==>
<class 'str'>
##################################
Multiple_Line_String = """ #use triple quote """
Multiple
Line
String
"""
##################################
x, y = 1, 2 #it is equal to x=1 and y=1 in sperate lines
##################################
first = "Ali"
last = "Mostofi"
full = f"{first} {last}"
print(full)
output ==>
Ali Mostofi
#######################
name = ' Ahmad Ali Mostofi'
print(name)
print(name.upper())
print(name.lower())
print(name.title())
print(name.strip())
print(name.lstrip())
print(name.rstrip())
print(name.find("Mos"))
print(name.find("mos"))
print(name.split(" "))
print(name.split())
print(name.replace("i", "-"))
print("Ali" in name)
output ==>
Ahmad Ali Mostofi
AHMAD ALI MOSTOFI
ahmad ali mostofi
Ahmad Ali Mostofi
Ahmad Ali Mostofi
Ahmad Ali Mostofi
Ahmad Ali Mostofi
12
-1
['', '', 'Ahmad', 'Ali', 'Mostofi']
['Ahmad', 'Ali', 'Mostofi']
Ahmad Al- Mostof-
True
#######################
# valid variable definition
##################################
a = [1, 2, 3]
print( type(a) )
output==>
<class 'list'>
##################################
a = [1, 2, 3, 'str']
print (a[0])
output==>
1
##################################
s = "Ali"
print (s[0])
output==>
A
##################################
s = "Ali Mostofi"
print (s[-2])
output==>f
##################################
s = "Ali Mostofi"
print (s[-2:0])
output==>f
##################################
s = "Ali Mostofi"
print (s[1:7])
output==> # note: location 7 does not exists in resultli Mos
##################################
s = "Ali Mostofi"
print (s[-4:-2:])
output==> #note: s is equal to [
-4:
-2:1], the default step is 1
to
##################################
s = "Ali Mostofi"
print (s[-2:-4:-1])
output==>
fo
##################################
dic = {"Ali": 20, "Ahmad": 25}
print (dic["Ahmad"])
dic["Ahmad"] = "30"
print (dic["Ahmad"])
dic["Amir"] = "35"
dic["Amir"] = "40"
print (dic)
output==>
25
30
{'Ali': 20, 'Ahmad': '30', 'Amir': '40'}
################################
list1 = [1, 2, "Ali"]
list1.append("Ahmad")
list1.insert(0, "Amir")
list1.remove(1)
list1.reverse() #reverse item indexs
print (list1)
list2 = [999, 1000]
list1.extend(list2) #append list2 to list1
print (list1)
list1.pop() #drop last element
print (list1)
output==>
['Ahmad', 'Ali', 2, 'Amir']
['Ahmad', 'Ali', 2, 'Amir', 999, 1000]
['Ahmad', 'Ali', 2, 'Amir', 999]
Operators
i = 10
j = 3
print (i / j)
output==>
3.3333333333333335
##################################
i = 10
j = 3
print (i // j)
output==> # returns only integer part
3
##################################
i: int
j: int
i = int( input("i :"))
j = float( input("j :") )
print (i // j)
output==> # convert str to int then ................
3
conditions
if not (2 == 2 or 1 == 1) :
print ( True)
elif 9 == 8:
print (False)
else:
print ("else block")
##################################
Valid_Names = ['Ali', 'Ahmad']
if not input("Enter valid name: ") in Valid_Names :
print ("it is not a valid name")
else
print ("it is a valid name")
output==> # if Ali entered as input
it is a valid name
output==> # if Hassan entered as input
output==> # if ali entered as input #it is case sensitive
##################################
# valid condition
age = 22
if 18 <= age < 65:
######################
# immedate if
age = 22
message = "ok" if age > 18 else "not ok"
print(message)
Loops
Valid_Names = ['Ali', 'Ahmad']
for name in Valid_Names :
print ( name )
output==>
##################################
i = 0
while i < 4 :
print ( i )
i += 1 #similiar to i = i + 1
output==>
##################################
for i in range(1, 6): #
if i == 3:
continue # Skip iteration if i equals 3
print("Iteration:", i)
##################################
#for .............. else
l = ["Ahmad", "AAli"]
for x in l:
if x == "Ali":
print("Ali Found")
break
else:
print("No Ali Found")
output ==>
No Ali Found
Functions
def seach_cutomers(customer_code):
customer_list = ['1001', '1002', '1003', '1010']
if (customer_code in customer_list):
return True
else:
return False
s = input("input number: ")
if not seach_cutomers(s):
print("customer not found!")
#################################def seach_cutomers(customer_code, type='t'):
customer_list = ['1001', '1002', '1003', '1010']
if (customer_code in customer_list):
return True
else:
return False
s = input("input number: ")
if not seach_cutomers(type='X', customer_code='alfa'):
print("customer not found!")
##################################
#function return tuple,
def increment(value: int, by: int = 1) -> tuple:
return (value, value + by)
print(increment(1, 3))
output ==>
(1, 4)
###################################
#list of parameters, not an array
def multiply(*list):
total = 1
for x in list:
total = int(x) * total
return total
print(multiply(1, 2, 3, 4))
output ==>
24
###################################
# list of parameters complex ! **
def concatinate(*list, **arg):
total = ''
for x in list:
total = total + x + arg["sep"]
return total + arg["other"]
print(concatinate("My", "name", "is", "Ali", sep="!", other="?"))
output ==>
My!name!is!Ali!?
###################################
# message variable acts as local variable inside greet function
message = "a"
def greet():
message = "b"
greet()
print(message)
output ==>
a
###################################
message = "a"
def greet():
global message
message = "b"
greet()
print(message)
###################################
String Functions
print ("*" * 100) #it will print * 100 times
Class & Objects
class Label:
def __init__(self, text):
self._text = text
def set_text(self, value):
self._text = value
def get_text(self):
return self._text
mylabel = Label('Ali')
print (mylabel.get_text())
mylabel.set_text('Ahmad')
print (mylabel.get_text())
output ==>
Ali
Ahmad
##################################
Rock Paper Scissors
import random as rn
SystemChoice = rn.randrange(0, 3)
UserChoice = int(input("your choose: 1-Sang 2-Kaghaz 3-Gheychi")) - 1
if UserChoice in [0, 1, 2]:
choice = ["Sang", "Kaghaz", "Gheychi"]
matrix = [
["nothing", "Failed", "Won"] ,
["Won", "nothing", "Failed"] ,
["Failed", "Won", "nothing"] ]
print ("User: " + choice[UserChoice])
print ("System: " + choice[SystemChoice])
print ("Result: User " + matrix[Us
##################################
Create Acronym From Statement
IgnoreList = ['a', 'to', 'by', 'the']
MyStr = input("Enter statement to create acronym")
MyStrArray = MyStr.split(sep=' ')
Result = ''
for Word in MyStrArray:
if not Word in IgnoreList:
Result = Result + Word[0]
print(Result)
###################################
File
import os
current_directory = os.getcwd()
f = open(current_directory+"/libs/mycalculator.py", "r")
# while s != '':
# s = f.readline()
# print(s)
for x in f:
print (x)
f.close()